Report released by the Rocky Mountain Institute. Public policy, manufacturing, research and development, and economies of scale will drive battery performance higher while pushing costs as low as $87/kWh by 2025 (currently $187/kWh). These changes are already contributing to cancellations of planned natural-gas power generation.

The market for green bonds has exploded, with global sales increasing by more than 300% in the past five years to reach $162 billion this year. The Bloomberg Barclays Euro Green Bond Index shows a total return of 18% since 2014. Investors appear entirely unwilling to forgo wealth to invest in environmentally sustainable projects.

The European Central Bank has been buying the debt as part of its asset repurchase program. Hungary and France’s central banks have each created funds dedicated to ecological investments. The Bank for International Settlements started an open-ended fund for central bank investments in green bonds last month.

“The nuclear sector has to get back on track. It’s a question of energy sovereignty...” Le Maire told a news conference, after unveiling a government-backed audit of setbacks at EDF’s Flamanville 3 nuclear project in France. It has also had to hike its cost estimates for the Hinkley Point C nuclear plant it is building in Britai

Germany’s wind power industry could shed about 40% of its jobs because of sliding interest among investors to build turbines on land. Net new onshore capacity dropped from 5.3 GW in 2017 to 2.4 GW last year and to a mere 0.3 GW in the first six months of 2019. Far short of the 4.7 GW needed for Germany to create a 65% share for renewables.

Gold has always been used to measure the value of currencies and commodities. In euros, gold reached an all-time high in early September. More and more investors fear an economic downturn, but bonds have become a costly haven due to negative interest rates. On 4th January 1999 one euro bought 128mg of gold. Now it buys only 23mg.

An influx of new offshore wind farms around the world is set to draw $840 billion of investments over the next two decades. Additions of 20 GW of new offshore capacity a year still won’t be enough to hit global climate targets. Capacity additions would need to be near to 40 GW a year in the next decade, adding over $1.2 trillion of investment.

Four in five of Europe’s coal-fired power plants are unprofitable. Coal-fired power has been hit by the rising price of EU carbon credits. The cost of these credits has tripled since 2017. Of the EU’s 154.4GW of coal capacity, 45 per cent is already scheduled to shut down by 2030, with 13 member states committed to a complete phasing out by then.

Chief among their woes is the spectre of persistently low interest rates in the eurozone. In September, Mario Draghi, the outgoing president of the European Central Bank, cut its key deposit rate to minus 0.5 per cent, putting further pressure on banks’ net interest income. Markets expect rates to stay there or fall further after Christine Lagarde takes over.

"All Facebook would have to do would be to decide to use more or fewer dollars or euros to affect the exchange rate and thus have a direct impact on trade, industry and nations," French Economy Minister Le Maire said he was not opposed to the creation of a digital currency, which France could develop "in a European framework."

After adopting a greener focus for its $1.8 billion investment portfolio a few years ago, the City of Copenhagen is now stepping up its search for sustainable assets. Eric Garcetti, the mayor of Los Angeles, says Copenhagen’s investment strategy is one for other cities to follow. “I have already had conversations with sovereign wealth funds.”

Over the past six months, money market funds attracted $322 billion of inflows, the largest flight to safe assets since the second half of 2008. Just in the seven-day period ending Oct. 9, investors continued to exit equity funds globally, with outflows reaching $9.8 billion. By contrast, bond funds enjoyed $11.1 billion of inflows.